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arXiv:2604.16995v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for training reasoning-oriented models by leveraging rule-based reward signals. However, RL training typically tends to improve single-sample success rates (i.e., Pass@1) while offering limited exploration of diverse reasoning trajectories, which is crucial for multi-sample performance (i.e., Pass@k). Our preliminary analysis reveals that this limitation stems from a fundamental squeezing effect, whereby probability mass is excessively concentrated on a narrow subset of high-reward trajectories, restricting […]

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arXiv:2604.16993v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As embodied AI transitions to real-world deployment, the success of the Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) task tends to evolve from mere reachability to social compliance. However, current agents suffer from a “goal-driven trap”, prioritizing physical geometry (“can I go?”) over semantic rules (“may I go?”), frequently overlooking subtle regulatory constraints. To bridge this gap, we establish Rule-VLN, the first large-scale urban benchmark for rule-compliant navigation. Spanning a massive 29k-node environment, it injects 177 diverse […]

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arXiv:2604.16989v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We report new results on six problems in mathematics and theoretical computer science, produced with the assistance of Bolzano, an open-source multi-agent LLM system. Bolzano orchestrates rounds of interaction between parallel prover agents and a verifier agent while maintaining a persistent knowledge base that is carried across rounds. Classified using the significance-autonomy taxonomy of Feng et al., four of the six results reach the level of publishable research, and three of the six […]

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arXiv:2604.16988v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Non-stationary sequences arise naturally in control, forecasting, and decision-making. The data-generating process shifts at unknown times, and models must detect the change, discard or downweight obsolete evidence, and adapt to new dynamics on the fly. Transformer-based foundation models increasingly rely on in-context learning for time series forecasting, tabular prediction, and continuous control. As these models are deployed in non-stationary environments, understanding their ability to detect and adapt to regime shifts is important. We […]

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arXiv:2604.16987v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The rapid evolution of video generation technologies poses a significant challenge to media forensics, as conventional detection methods often fail to generalize beyond their training distributions. To address this, we propose DVAR (Debate-based Video Authenticity Reasoning), a training-free framework that reformulates video detection as a structured multi-agent forensic reasoning process. Moving beyond the paradigm of pattern matching, DVAR orchestrates a competition between a Generative Hypothesis Agent and a Natural Mechanism Agent. Through iterative […]

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arXiv:2604.16986v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Schema drift in data pipelines is often caught only when a job touches real data. Typed-Dataset layers close part of this gap but require wholesale adoption; table-level enforcement systems close another part but operate at write time against a stored schema. We present a small Scala 3 framework that occupies the seam: it proves producer-to-contract structural compatibility under explicit policies at compile time, derives Spark schemas from the same contract types, and re-checks […]

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arXiv:2604.16984v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper presents the report of the URVIS 2026 challenge on adverse-to-extreme panoptic segmentation. As the first challenge of its kind, it attracted 17 registered participants and 47 submissions, with 4 teams reaching the final phase. The challenge is based on the MUSES dataset, a multi-sensor benchmark for panoptic segmentation in adverse-to-extreme weather, including RGB frame camera, LiDAR, radar, and event camera data. Weighted Panoptic Quality (wPQ) is designed and adopted as the […]

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arXiv:2604.16982v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current knowledge graph (KG) construction methods are confirmatory, focusing on recovering known relationships rather than identifying novel or context-dependent nodes. This paper proposes a phenotype-driven and evidence-governed framework that shifts the paradigm toward structured hypothesis discovery and controlled KG expansion. The approach integrates graph neural networks (GNNs) for phenotype discovery, causal inference, probabilistic reasoning and large language models (LLMs) for hypothesis generation and claim extraction within a unified pipeline. The framework prioritizes relationships […]

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arXiv:2604.16980v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Background: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly proposed for diagnostic support, but few evaluations use real-world multimodal inpatient data, particularly in low and middle-income country (LMIC) public hospitals. Methods: We conducted VALID, a retrospective evaluation of 539 multimodal inpatient cases from a tertiary public hospital in South Africa. Inputs included radiology imaging (CT, MRI, CXR) and reports, laboratory results, clinical notes, and vital signs. Expert panels adjudicated 300 cases (balanced and discordant subsets) […]

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arXiv:2604.16979v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: High-quality and diverse multimodal data are essential for improving vision-language models (VLMs), yet existing datasets often contain noisy, redundant, and poorly aligned samples. To address these problems, data filtering is commonly used to enhance the efficiency and performance of multimodal learning, but it introduces extra computational cost because filtering models are usually trained on the same data they are meant to screen. To reduce this cost, we study DOSE, which explores whether off-the-shelf […]

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