Synchronizing Concurrent Security Modernization Programs: A Systems Integration Framework for Post-Quantum Cryptography, Zero Trust Architecture, and AI Security

Large organizations face a critical systems integration challenge when executing multiple
concurrent security modernization programs. This paper examines the U.S. Department of
Defense’s simultaneous implementation of three transformational initiatives—post-quantum
cryptography (PQC) migration, Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) deployment, and AI security
assurance—each operating under separate governance structures, timelines, and compliance
frameworks. Through systematic evidence synthesis of 59 sources (47 policy/standards documents and 12 performance benchmarks; full corpus in Supplementary Materials S2), we
identify cross-program dependencies that create integration failures when programs operate
in isolation. We propose a shared modernization substrate—a four-layer infrastructure
architecture (Cryptographic Services, Identity Management, Analytics Pipeline, Policy Orchestration) that enables coordinated execution while preserving program independence.
The framework addresses the fundamental systems challenge of achieving interoperability
across programs with misaligned schedules and competing resource demands. We introduce
a five-level Triad Convergence Maturity Model (TCMM) with operationalized indicators
enabling repeatable organizational assessment. Illustrative application to three DoD modernization contexts demonstrates the framework’s ability to differentiate maturity levels.
Performance analysis synthesizes published benchmark data: enterprise PQC latency overhead
is modest (measured), while tactical environment estimates of 158–383% overhead are
derived from benchmark extrapolation under packet-loss assumptions (modeled). Scenario
modeling suggests that coordinated incident response through the substrate architecture
could substantially reduce risk exposure windows compared to siloed approaches (modeled).
The framework transforms fragmented program execution into synchronized systems modernization, offering practical guidance for chief information officers, program managers, and
enterprise architects managing concurrent technology transitions.