We consider a stochastic optimization problem involving two random variables: a context variable $X$ and a dependent variable $Y$. The objective is to minimize the expected value of a nonlinear loss functional applied to the conditional expectation $mathbb{E}[f(X, Y,β) mid X]$, where $f$ is a nonlinear function and $β$ represents the decision variables. We focus on the practically important setting in which direct sampling from the conditional distribution of $Y mid X$ is infeasible, and only a stream […]

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arXiv:2601.08995v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Open source C code underpins society’s computing infrastructure. Decades of work has helped harden C code against attackers, but C projects do not consist of only C code. C projects also contain build system code for automating development tasks like compilation, testing, and packaging. These build systems are critcal to software supply chain security and vulnerable to being poisoned, with the XZ Utils and SolarWinds attacks being recent examples. Existing techniques try to […]

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Short answer: Crypto ETFs are like a crypto representation on traditional stock exchanges. For the long answer, we can start with ETFs themselves. Short for Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs), they’re centralized financial tools created around 1989, and they had nothing to do with crypto until more recently. As a type of investment fund, it pools money from many investors and uses it to track the price of something. It could be stock market indexes such as S&P500, commodities, such […]

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Technology was supposed to make life easier. And it did. Food arrives without effort. Navigation requires no memory. Recommendations eliminate decision fatigue. Smart systems adjust lighting, temperature, and even our daily routines. Everything moves smoothly, efficiently, and with minimal friction. Convenience has become the defining feature of modern innovation. But what if convenience, while solving one problem, is quietly creating another? Not environmental pollution. Not data pollution. ==Behavioral pollution.== The Comfort of Effortless Living Convenience reduces friction. And […]

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Ultrasonic cyberattacks represent an emerging threat vector capable of exfiltrating information even from high-security systems. Modern computing devices equipped with integrated speakers and microphones can generate ultrasonic emissions that may be exploited for covert communication. Previous studies have demonstrated that malicious software can utilize ultrasonic audio channels to establish communication links between otherwise isolated systems, enabling data leakage from air-gapped environments by relaying information through acoustic signals. Experimental results have shown that data can be transmitted at rates […]

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Cross-domain reinforcement learning (RL) aims to learn transferable policies under dynamics shifts between source and target domains. A key challenge lies in the lack of target-domain environment interaction and reward supervision, which prevents direct policy learning. To address this challenge, we propose Bridging Dynamics Gaps for Cross-Domain Reinforcement Learning (BDGxRL), a novel framework that leverages Diffusion Schrödinger Bridge (DSB) to align source transitions with target-domain dynamics encoded in offline demonstrations. Moreover, we introduce a reward modulation mechanism that […]

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arXiv:2601.22185v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The meme coin ecosystem has grown into one of the most active yet least observable segments of the cryptocurrency market, characterized by extreme churn, minimal project commitment, and widespread fraudulent behavior. While countless meme coins are deployed across multiple blockchains, they rely heavily on off-chain web and social infrastructure to signal legitimacy. These very signals are largely absent from existing datasets, which are often limited to single-chain data or lack the multimodal artifacts […]

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