Contemporary discussions of the gap between natural and artificial intelligence often emphasize human capacities such as contextual reasoning, cognitive flexibility, and non-classical decision-making. This paper proposes that quantum and quantum-like models of cognition and decision processes offer a principled framework for addressing these differences. A growing body of empirical evidence shows that human reasoning systematically violates the assumptions of classical probability and logic, exhibiting contextuality, order effects, interference phenomena, and task incompatibility. Quantum probability theory and related quantum-like […]

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Creating and sharing knowledge are defining traits of humankind, yet copyright law has grown so restrictive that it can require acts of civil disobedience to ensure that students and scholars have the books they need and to preserve swaths of culture from being lost forever. Reputable research generally follows a familiar pattern: Scientific articles are written by scholars based on their research—often with public funding. Those articles are then peer-reviewed by other scholars in their fields and revisions […]

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One of the more frequent comments that expert Haskell developers make about other programming languages is that they lack something called higher-kinded types. Which leads to a communication problem. Since those programming languages don’t have a way to express either kinds or HKTs, it is hard for non-Haskell developers to understand what they are missing out on. In the end, the words of the Haskell developer are dismissed as mad ravings, and everybody moves on. But once you […]

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We’ve come across announcement of multiple robot vacuums from the CES 2026 event, but there was one that immediately caught the attention of many. Here, I’m talking about the Roborock’s Saros Rover. It is a robot vacuum designed for multi-storey homes. Unlike regular robot vacuums that crawl across floors to get it cleaned, the Saros Rover uses a wheel-leg mechanism that enables it to climb stairs. Interestingly, there’s even more; it can also maintain stability on uneven surfaces […]

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This paper investigates laundering risks in carbon-credit markets by integrating environmental, social, and governance (ESG) data with financial transaction records. A dataset covering 1,247 firms across three jurisdictions from 2018–2023 was assembled, combining carbon-registry information, credit-trading logs, ESG disclosures, and banking records. A hybrid detection model combining a graph neural network with a gradient-boosted classifier was trained using 1,350 labeled suspicious cases and 6,700 normal cases. The model achieved an AUC of 0.92 and a precision of 0.71 […]

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arXiv:2601.05268v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We describe a PubMed scale retrieval framework that separates semantic interpretation from metric geometry. A large language model expands a natural language query into concise biomedical phrases; retrieval then operates in a fixed, mean free, approximately isotropic embedding space. Each document and query vector is formed as a weighted mean of token embeddings, projected onto the complement of nuisance axes and compressed by a Johnson Lindenstrauss transform. No parameters are trained. The system […]

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arXiv:2601.02998v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In many fairness and distribution robustness problems, one has access to labeled data from multiple source distributions yet the test data may come from an arbitrary member or a mixture of them. We study the problem of constructing a conformal prediction set that is uniformly valid across multiple, heterogeneous distributions, in the sense that no matter which distribution the test point is from, the coverage of the prediction set is guaranteed to exceed […]

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arXiv:2601.01127v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This paper, introducing a novel method in philomatics, draws on Wittgenstein’s concept of family resemblance from analytic philosophy to develop a clustering algorithm for machine learning. According to Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations (1953), family resemblance holds that members of a concept or category are connected by overlapping similarities rather than a single defining property. Consequently, a family of entities forms a chain of items sharing overlapping traits. This philosophical idea naturally lends itself to […]

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