arXiv:2604.13133v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Thermodynamic cycles are pivotal in determining the efficacy of energy conversion systems. Traditional design methodologies, which rely on expert knowledge or exhaustive enumeration, are inefficient and lack scalability, thereby constraining the discovery of high-performance cycles. In this study, we introduce a graph-based hierarchical reinforcement learning approach for the co-design of structure parameters in thermodynamic cycles. These cycles are encoded as graphs, with components and connections depicted as nodes and edges, adhering to grammatical […]

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arXiv:2604.08595v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Existing evaluation methods for LLM-based AI systems, such as LLM-as-a-Judge, verdict systems, and NLI, do not always align well with human assessment because they cannot adapt their strictness to the application domain. This paper presents Temperature-Controlled Verdict Aggregation (TCVA), a method that combines a five-level verdict-scoring system with generalized power-mean aggregation and an intuitive temperature parameter T [0.1, 1.0] to control evaluation rigor. Low temperatures yield pessimistic scores suited for safety-critical domains; high […]

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arXiv:2603.22329v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Decoder-only language models are stateless: hidden representations are discarded after every forward pass and nothing persists across sessions. Jeong (2026a) showed that trained memory adapters give a frozen encoder-decoder backbone persistent latent-space memory, building on the lateral-memory framework of Jeong (2026b,c). Here we ask whether the same principle transfers to the decoder-only setting, where no cross-attention pathway exists and memory must enter through self-attention alone. We adapt six methods — prefix, parallel cross-attention, […]

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arXiv:2601.18823v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Variational autoencoders (VAE) encode data into lower-dimensional latent vectors before decoding those vectors back to data. Once trained, one can hope to detect out-of-distribution (abnormal) latent vectors, but several issues arise when the latent space is high dimensional. This includes an exponential growth of the hypervolume with the dimension, which severely affects the generative capacity of the VAE. In this paper, we draw insights from high dimensional statistics: in these regimes, the latent […]

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Networks of interdependent industrial assets (clients) are tightly coupled through physical processes and control inputs, raising a key question: how would the output of one client change if another client were operated differently? This is difficult to answer because client-specific data are high-dimensional and private, making centralization of raw data infeasible. Each client also maintains proprietary local models that cannot be modified. We propose a federated framework for causal representation learning in state-space systems that captures interdependencies among […]

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Hi Reddit, Really new to RL here, but super curious and excited to learn from you guys. I’m planning to work on a code-generation RL agent: The agent generates a program/configuration (Action), which is then compiled and run through a complex simulator (Environment) to calculate a performance metric (Reward). The Bottleneck: The simulation takes several minutes to run. I cannot assume instant feedback. The Question: Aside from massive parallelization, what algorithmic tricks exist for this ‘expensive reward’ regime? […]

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In this tutorial, we explore the lambda/hermes-agent-reasoning-traces dataset to understand how agent-based models think, use tools, and generate responses across multi-turn conversations. We start by loading and inspecting the dataset, examining its structure, categories, and conversational format to get a clear idea of the available information. We then build simple parsers to extract key components such as reasoning traces, tool calls, and tool responses, allowing us to separate internal thinking from external actions. Also, we analyze patterns such […]

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arXiv:2603.20819v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper studies finite-sample set-membership identification for discrete-time bilinear systems under bounded symmetric log-concave disturbances. Compared with existing finite-sample results for linear systems and related analyses under stronger noise assumptions, we consider the more challenging bilinear setting with trajectory-dependent regressors and allow marginally stable dynamics with polynomial mean-square state growth. Under these conditions, we prove that the diameter of the feasible parameter set shrinks with sample complexity $widetilde{O}(1/epsilon)$. Simulation supports the theory and […]

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arXiv:2602.17787v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generative model ecosystems increasingly operate as competitive multi-platform markets, where platforms strategically select models from a shared pool and users with heterogeneous preferences choose among them. Understanding how platforms interact, when market equilibria exist, how outcomes are shaped by model-providers, platforms, and user behavior, and how social welfare is affected is critical for fostering a beneficial market environment. In this paper, we formalize a three-layer model-platform-user market game and identify conditions for the […]

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