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arXiv:2604.05005v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models are increasingly used as educational assistants, yet evaluation of their educational capabilities remains concentrated on question-answering and tutoring tasks. A critical gap exists for multimedia instructional content generation — the ability to produce coherent, diagram-rich explanations that combine geometrically accurate visuals with step-by-step reasoning. We present EduIllustrate, a benchmark for evaluating LLMs on interleaved text-diagram explanation generation for K-12 STEM problems. The benchmark comprises 230 problems spanning five subjects and […]

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arXiv:2604.05003v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This survey examines recent sensor-based planning and control methods for Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs). In complex, uncertain underwater environments, UUVs require advanced planning and control strategies for effective navigation. These vehicles face significant challenges including drifting and noisy sensor measurements, absence of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals, and low-bandwidth, high-latency underwater acoustic communications. The focus is on reactive local planning layers that adapt to real-time sensor inputs such as SONAR and Inertial […]

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arXiv:2604.05002v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learning from weak or proxy supervision is common when ground-truth labels are unavailable, yet robustness under distribution shift remains poorly understood, especially when the supervision mechanism itself changes. We formalize this as supervision drift, defined as changes in P(y | x, c) across contexts, and study it in CRISPR-Cas13d experiments where guide efficacy is inferred indirectly from RNA-seq responses. Using data from two human cell lines and multiple time points, we build a […]

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arXiv:2604.05001v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper proposes a functional foundation for model driven engineering that unifies model construction, metamodels, templates, and transformations under a single formalism: the model expression algebra. In this algebra, models are values, model expressions are terms, and evaluation is the interpretation homomorphism from terms to values. Model expressions are composed from four operators: model creation and element creation operators, reference operators for retrieving models and elements, and computation operators that embed functional computations. […]

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arXiv:2604.05000v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper presents a closed-loop system for software lifecycle management framed as a control architecture rather than a code-generation tool. The system manages a backlog of approximately 1,602 rows across seven task families, ingests 13 structured source documents, and executes a deterministic seven-stage pipeline implemented as seven scheduled automation lanes. The automation stack comprises approximately 12,661 lines of Python across 23 scripts plus 6,907 lines of versioned prompt specifications, with checkpoint-based time budgets, […]

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arXiv:2604.04999v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal self-supervised pretraining offers a promising route to cancer prognosis by integrating histopathology whole-slide images, gene expression, and pathology reports, yet most existing approaches require fully paired and complete inputs. In practice, clinical cohorts are fragmented and often miss one or more modalities, limiting both supervised fusion and scalable multimodal pretraining. We propose PRIME, a missing-aware multimodal self-supervised pretraining framework that learns robust and transferable representations from partially observed cohorts. PRIME maps heterogeneous […]

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arXiv:2604.04998v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper proposes a novel framework for enhancing the prediction accuracy and lead time of El Ni~no events, crucial for mitigating their global climatic, economic, and societal impacts. Traditional prediction models often rely on oceanic and atmospheric indices, which may lack the granularity or dynamic interplay captured by comprehensive meteorological and geographical datasets. Our framework integrates real-time global weather forecast data with anomalies, subsurface ocean heat content, and atmospheric pressure across various temporal […]

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arXiv:2604.04997v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This work presents a comparative analysis of embedding-based and generative models for classifying geoscience technical documents. Using a multi-disciplinary benchmark dataset, we evaluated the trade-offs between model accuracy, stability, and computational cost. We find that generative Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like Qwen2.5-VL, enhanced with Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting, achieve superior zero-shot accuracy (82%) compared to state-of-the-art multimodal embedding models like QQMM (63%). We also demonstrate that while supervised fine-tuning (SFT) can improve VLM performance, it […]

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arXiv:2604.04996v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Strategically locating a sawmill is vital for enhancing the efficiency, profitability, and sustainability of timber supply chains. Our study proposes a Learning-Based Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (LB-MCDM) framework that integrates machine learning (ML) with GIS-based spatial location analysis via MCDM. The proposed framework provides a data-driven, unbiased, and replicable approach to assessing site suitability. We demonstrate the utility of the proposed model through a case study in Mississippi (MS). We apply five ML algorithms (Random […]

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arXiv:2604.04995v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Blockchain and blockchain-inspired decentralized applications are on the rise thanks to their unique characteristics such as their decentralized nature, anonymity, and tamper-proof nature; however, blockchain transactions tend to experience long end-to-end latency, with a major contributor being the block creation step, which might block transaction processing. There are two approaches to ameliorate this overhead: speeding up the block creation process, or processing transactions before block creation finishes. In this project, we work towards […]

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