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arXiv:2604.01372v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The deployment of autonomous systems in safety-critical environments requires control policies that guarantee satisfaction of complex control specifications. These systems are commonly modeled as nonlinear discrete-time stochastic systems. A~popular approach to computing a policy that provably satisfies a complex control specification is to construct a finite-state abstraction, often represented as a Markov decision process (MDP) with intervals of transition probabilities, i.e., an interval MDP (IMDP). However, existing abstraction techniques compute a emph{single policy}, […]

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arXiv:2604.01371v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Surgical action automation has progressed rapidly toward achieving surgeon-like dexterous control, driven primarily by advances in learning from demonstration and vision-language-action models. While these have demonstrated success in table-top experiments, translating them to clinical deployment remains challenging: current methods offer limited predictability on where instruments will interact on tissue surfaces and lack explicit conditioning inputs to enforce tool-action-specific safe interaction regions. Addressing this gap, we introduce AffordTissue, a multimodal framework for predicting tool-action […]

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arXiv:2604.01370v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Digital devices like tablets, media players, and kiosks are increasingly deployed in U.S. prisons. These technologies can enable incarcerated people to access education, communicate with loved ones, and develop vital reentry skills. However, they can also introduce new privacy and security risks for incarcerated people who have little agency over their usage and contracts, and are currently carved out of many consumer protection safeguards. To investigate these issues, we conducted focus groups and […]

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arXiv:2604.01367v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study algorithms for approximating the permanent of a random matrix when the entries are slightly biased away from zero. This question is motivated by the goal of understanding the classical complexity of linear optics and emph{boson sampling} (Aaronson and Arkhipov ’11; Eldar and Mehraban ’17). Barvinok’s interpolation method enables efficient approximation of the permanent, provided one can establish a sufficiently large zero-free region for the polynomial $mathrm{per}(zJ + W)$, where $J$ is […]

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arXiv:2604.01366v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes decision-making contexts. While prior work has shown that LLMs exhibit cognitive biases behaviorally, whether these biases correspond to identifiable internal representations and can be mitigated through targeted intervention remains an open question. We define LLM cognitive bias as systematic, reproducible deviations from correct answers in tasks with computable ground-truth baselines, and introduce LLM CogBias, a benchmark organized around four families of cognitive biases: Judgment, […]

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arXiv:2604.01363v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We propose that AI automation is a continuum between: (i) crashing waves where AI capabilities surge abruptly over small sets of tasks, and (ii) rising tides where the increase in AI capabilities is more continuous and broad-based. We test for these effects in preliminary evidence from an ongoing evaluation of AI capabilities across over 3,000 broad-based tasks derived from the U.S. Department of Labor O*NET categorization that are text-based and thus LLM-addressable. Based […]

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arXiv:2604.01362v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Motivated by classical communications engineering, early works in molecular communication (MC) largely adopted established modeling and signal processing concepts from wireless electromagnetic communication systems. In the context of the human cardiovascular system (CVS), MC channel models evolved from simple unbounded and single-duct environments mimicking individual blood vessels to complex vessel network (VN) topologies, generally at the expense of analytical tractability. Up until now, this has largely prohibited rigorous communication-theoretic analysis of large-scale VNs. […]

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arXiv:2604.01361v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper presents a new method for the zero-shot open-vocabulary semantic segmentation (OVSS) of 3D automotive lidar data. To circumvent the recognized image-text modality gap that is intrinsic to approaches based on Vision Language Models (VLMs) such as CLIP, our method relies instead on image generation from text, to create prototype images. Given a 3D network distilled from a 2D Vision Foundation Model (VFM), we then label a point cloud by matching 3D […]

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arXiv:2604.01359v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce world-centered multi-agent systems (WMAS) as an alternative to traditional agent-centered architectures, arguing that structured domains such as enterprises and institutional systems require a shared, explicit world representation to ensure semantic consistency, explainability, and long-term stability. We classify worlds along dimensions including ontological explicitness, normativity, etc. In WMAS, learning and coordination operate over a shared world model rather than isolated agent-local representations, enabling global consistency and verifiable system behavior. We propose semantic […]

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arXiv:2604.01356v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This work provides a new multinomial resampling procedure for particle filter resampling, focused on the case where the number of samples required is less than or equal to the size of the underlying discrete distribution. This setting is common in ensemble mixture model filters such as the Gaussian mixture filter. We show superiority of our approach with respect two of the best known multinomial sampling procedures both through a computational complexity analysis and […]

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