April 2026

arXiv:2604.22494v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce two federated learning frameworks for the classical SPDnet model operating on symmetric positive definite (SPD) matrices with Stiefel-constrained parameters. Unlike standard Euclidean averaging, which violates orthogonality, our approach preserves geometric structure through two efficient aggregation strategies: ProjAvg, projecting arithmetic means onto the Stiefel manifold, and RLAvg, approximating tangent-space averaging via retractions and liftings. Both methods are computationally efficient, independent of the optimizer, and enable scalable federated learning for signal processing applications […]

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arXiv:2604.22391v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The Super Learner (SL) is a widely used ensemble method that combines predictions from a library of learners based on their predictive performance. Interval predictions are of considerable practical interest because they allow uncertainty in predictions produced by an individual learner or an ensemble to be quantified. Several methods have been proposed for constructing interval predictions based on the SL, however, these approaches are typically justified using asymptotic arguments or rely on computationally […]

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arXiv:2604.22386v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: One of the major limits of kernel ridge regression (KRR) is that storing and manipulating the kernel matrix K_n for n samples requires O(n^2) space, which rapidly becomes unfeasible for large n. Nystrom approximations reduce the space complexity to O(nm) by sampling m columns from K_n. Uniform sampling preserves KRR accuracy (up to epsilon) only when m is proportional to the maximum degree of freedom of K_n, which may require O(n) columns for […]

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arXiv:2604.22385v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Rejection sampling is a technique for sampling from difficult distributions. However, its use is limited due to a high rejection rate. Common adaptive rejection sampling methods either work only for very specific distributions or without performance guarantees. In this paper, we present pliable rejection sampling (PRS), a new approach to rejection sampling, where we learn the sampling proposal using a kernel estimator. Since our method builds on rejection sampling, the samples obtained are […]

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arXiv:2604.21936v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Medical imaging research is increasingly shifting from controlled benchmark evaluation toward real-world clinical deployment. In such settings, applying analytical methods extends beyond model design to require dataset-aware workflow configuration and provenance tracking. Two requirements therefore become central: textbf{adaptability}, the ability to configure workflows according to dataset-specific conditions and evolving analytical goals; and textbf{reproducibility}, the guarantee that all transformations and decisions are explicitly recorded and re-executable. Here, we present an artifact-based agent framework that […]

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arXiv:2604.21935v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Although language models demonstrate remarkable proficiency on mathematical benchmarks, it remains unclear whether this reflects true mathematical reasoning or statistical pattern matching over learning formal syntax. Most existing evaluations rely on symbolic problems grounded in established mathematical conventions, limiting insight into the models’ ability to construct abstract concepts from first principles. In this work, we propose Math Takes Two, a new benchmark designed to assess the emergence of mathematical reasoning through communication. Motivated […]

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arXiv:2604.21934v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Human routines structure daily life, yet remain challenging for computational systems to understand. This paper presents the first systematic review of routine computing, a previously implicit but increasingly recognized field that focuses on computationally sensing and modeling human behaviors. It synthesizes 203 studies published up to August 2025. The paper presents a new taxonomy of the literature, focusing on temporal structures, behavioral interactions, cognitive aspects, and how variability and deviations are addressed. The […]

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arXiv:2604.21933v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Electronic health records (EHRs) have improved data accessibility but have also introduced cognitive burden for physicians, given the sheer volume and complexity of the data involved. Advances in large language models (LLMs) create new opportunities to rethink how clinicians interact with medical data through dynamic, adaptive interfaces. In this position paper, we explore how generative AI can support physicians’ information needs by enabling more dynamic interactions with patient data. Through semi-structured interviews with […]

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arXiv:2604.21932v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Digitalization has fundamentally transformed human system interaction in nuclear main control rooms, yet the quantitative mechanisms by which interfaces amplify procedural risks remain insufficiently understood. This study presents a systematic assessment of interface procedure coupling based on real operational events collected from 2021 to 2025 in a modern nuclear power plant. A reusable three dimensional labeling framework and a four factor interface mechanism model are developed to characterize layout, semantic, mismatch, and labeling […]

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In this tutorial, we explore Datashader, a powerful, high-performance visualization library for rendering massive datasets that quickly overwhelm traditional plotting tools. We work through its full rendering pipeline in Google Colab, starting from dense point clouds and reduction-based aggregations to categorical rendering, line visualizations, raster data, quadmesh grids, compositing, and dashboard-style analytical views. As we move through each section, we focus on how Datashader transforms raw large-scale data into meaningful visual structure with speed, flexibility, and visual clarity, […]

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