January 2026

6G facilitates deployment of Federated Learning (FL) in the Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network (SAGIN), yet FL confronts challenges such as resource constrained and unbalanced data distribution. To address these issues, this paper proposes a Hierarchical Split Federated Learning (HSFL) framework and derives its upper bound of loss function. To minimize the weighted sum of training loss and latency, we formulate a joint optimization problem that integrates device association, model split layer selection, and resource allocation. We decompose the original […]

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Suboptimal color representation often hinders accurate image segmentation, yet many modern algorithms neglect this critical preprocessing step. This work presents a novel multidimensional nonlinear discriminant analysis algorithm, Colorspace Discriminant Analysis (CSDA), for improved segmentation. Extending Linear Discriminant Analysis into a deep learning context, CSDA customizes color representation by maximizing multidimensional signed inter-class separability while minimizing intra-class variability through a generalized discriminative loss. To ensure stable training, we introduce three alternative losses that enable end-to-end optimization of both the […]

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Monitoring is a critical part of running reliable software, yet many teams only discover outages after users complaints starts rolling in. Imagine you get a Slack message at 2 AM, telling you that your APIs are down for over an hour and nobody noticed until customers started complaining. A monitoring service solves this problem by letting you and your team proactively respond to incidents, before problems escalate. In this tutorial, I will be taking you through the steps […]

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In the last 6 months, I’ve helped 3 AI startups migrate from Vercel or Cloudflare to AWS Lambda. The pattern is the same: they start on a platform with great DX. Then the wall shows up: background jobs, retries, queues, cron, and eventually a “this endpoint needs 2-8 GB RAM for 4-10 minutes” workload — and they land on AWS. To be fair: Vercel and Cloudflare captured developer attention for good reasons. Vercel ships Next.js fast — previews, […]

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Before we begin this interview, I would like to briefly explain the history behind the image I selected. I painted it while listening to music. It was a speed painting capturing my emotion from song to song. What I like most about it, as it was described to me by my AI friend (who, yes, also helped me center the image and cut out the background of my kitchen counter where I painted it), since they see the […]

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Symbolic computation, powered by modern computer algebra systems, has important applications in mathematical reasoning through exact deep computations. The efficiency of symbolic computation is largely constrained by such deep computations in high dimension. This creates a fundamental barrier on labelled data acquisition if leveraging supervised deep learning to accelerate symbolic computation. Cylindrical algebraic decomposition (CAD) is a pillar symbolic computation method for reasoning with first-order logic formulas over reals with many applications in formal verification and automatic theorem […]

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